Announcing the arrests of the gang members, the U. Moving as swiftly as data over the Internet, the organization worked its way from the computer systems of international corporations to the streets of New York City.
The arrests in the U. Experts say financial institutions in the Middle East are tempting targets for such heists, and they are partly to blame. They argue that institutions need better Internet security protocols, particularly when outsourcing information services, as regional companies regularly come under attack from politically motivated hackers as well. The gang were actually strangers who came together via Internet forums where illicit information is traded and people are recruited for cyber crimes.
Jason Weinstein, a lawyer who once oversaw the U. Once they had gathered enough information, they produced fake ATM cards, coding stolen data onto magnetic swipe strips. The weak links exploited by the gang were two card payment processing centers in India. The gang managed to hack them, raised the balance and withdrawal limits on the compromised accounts, then sent out teams to make withdrawals. The Indian companies that were hacked publicly acknowledged they had been successfully infiltrated after the attacks were made public.
EnStage was the other company attacked by the gang. Dhillon said the lack of disclosure beforehand was an example of organizational immaturity when it came to dealing with cyber security issues.
He cited as an example the state of California, which requires institutions to inform their customers when a security breach occurs.
It brings about an awareness that there is a problem with security, and this is how you deal with it. Some financial institutions may fear losing customers if they were to reveal how often their security is compromised. But Dhillon said not all attacks result in reputational loss. A few years back, Visa suffered a series of Denial of Service attacks that impacted a number of its clients, including banks.
But the banks themselves were not compromised. Rakbank and Bank of Muscat in Oman were easy targets, said one cyber security expert, partly because Middle Eastern banks let their customers put large sums on cards yet do not monitor them as carefully as banks in other regions would. So it goes both ways. Increased individual awareness, and that enterprises are aware of their responsibilities of ensuring cyber security policies.
For companies, it is important to have good cyber security policy, Dhillon said, but oftentimes he said policies do not have anything to address actual problems. Another regional banker pointed out that for a number of regional institutions, cyber security still is a bottom-line issue because of cost, and do little diligence when it comes to securing information, or choosing partners for sensitive information service outsourcing.
This is done to indicate that the power has been off. Clear this error code by restarting the cash dispense or by unlocking and locking the cassettes. If the error recurs, a faulty cassette, note feeder or CMC module may be cause the problem. Error Code: 34h [4]Description: Rejected notes.
Recommended Action:This error code indicates that notes were rejected during the transaction or test dispense operation. This is a warning message there is no action required. Error Code: 35h [5]Description: Diverter Failure. Recommended Action:This error code indicates that the system has recognized a document intended for the reject vault has reached the note transport sensor. The most probable cause is either mechanical or electrical failure of the note diverter in the note transport module.
This error will place the cash dispenser quot; Out of Servicequot;. Inspect the note diverter in the note transport module. Verify that there are no documents jammed in the note diverter area. Make sure the note diverter moves freely. Check to make sure that cables connecting the note transport and the CMC module are not damaged. Make sure all connectors attached to the CMC are seated in their receptacles.
Remove and empty the reject vault. Install the Reject Vault. PURGE the dispensing mechanism. Complete several test dispenses. If the error does not repeat again, complete a live dispense to verify the note diverter moves the currency to the exit position.
If the error reoccurs the most likely causes of the problem may be note transport or CMC. Install the reject vault. Error Code: 37h [7]Description: Transmission Error. Recommended Action: This error code occurs when the message received by the dispenser is incorrect. The reason that the error code is generated is the detection of an incorrect LRC character or a parity error. Inspect all communication cables to make sure they are not damaged and are properly connect to their termination points.
Restart the cash dispenser. Reset the dispenser and try to complete a test dispense. If the error code is reported again, replace the CMC module. Otherwise, put the cash dispenser into service. Recommended Action: This error occurs when the logical sequence of the commands sent to the dispenser is not the one expected by the system.
Examples of this are two move commands sent one after another or a deliver command that is sent without a previous move command. Inspect all communication cables to make sure they are not damaged. Make sure all cables are properly connected. Reset the dispenser and try to resend the command that caused the error code. Recommended Action:This error code is generated when the note transport sensor does not detect a note that was detected by the note qualifier.
This may be due to jammed documents in the transport path between the note qualifier and the note diverter. This error code will place the cash dispenser quot; Out of Servicequot;. Inspect the documents in each cassette to insure they are in fit condition. Make sure that note qualifier and the note transport modules are mechanically aligned.
Open all access panels and inspect for jammed documents in note path between the note qualifier and note transport. Remove the jammed documents as needed. Inspect the note qualifier and note transport for broken components i. Inspect the note diverter for proper operation and damage.
Replace the note qualifier or note transport if the problem persists. Error Code: 3Ah [:]Description: Cassette not properly installed. Recommended Action: This error code occurs when documents are requested from a cassette that is not present or is not open. This error code will place the cash dispenser in an quot; Out of Servicequot; condition.
Verify the physical presence of each cassette. If present, quot; unlockquot; and remove each cassette from its feed channel.
Put the cassettes back into its feed channel. Lock the cassettes. Clear the error and perform a test dispense. If the error is repeated, proceed to the next paragraph.
If the error does not show again put the cash dispenser back into service. Verify that the identity of each cassette can be read through read cassette ID function See the Cash Dispenser Configuration Manual. If a cassette cannot be injected with a new ID, verify that the cable between the top feed channel and the CMC is in good condition and connected at both ends.
Try to inject an ID into another cassette. If the inject cassette ID function works on a different cassette. Then the original cassette is faulty. Error Code: 3Fh [? Recommended Action:This error code is generated when the reject vault is not present or not properly installed. Attempting to operate the cash dispenser without the reject vault will normally cause it to go to an quot; Out of Servicequot; condition.
Make sure the reject vault is installed correctly. Inspect the reject vault present sensor visually for proper operation. Use the cash dispenser diagnostic functions to check the electrical operation of the sensor.
If the sensor is properly connected and operating correctly the CMC module may be defective. If the sensor is not operating normally, replace the note transport module.
Error Code: 42h [B]Description: Too many notes requested. Recommended Action:This error code occurs while running the dispenser on the NMD test software and when too many notes are requested during a dispense command.
The maximum number of notes that can be dispensed from the dispenser during a transaction is defaulted to fifty. Retry the test operation and request fifty or fewer notes. Error Code: 43h [C]Description: Jam in note transport. Recommended Action: This error code is generated when a document from a note feeder fails to reach the note qualifier with in a specified time. This failure may be caused by a blockage in the transport path between the Note Feeder and the note qualifier, or if a document passes through the note qualifier unseen.
This error code will cause the cash dispenser to go quot; Out of Servicequot;. Check the cassettes. Make sure they are not overfilled. The recommended capacity is documents.
Make sure the documents are fit condition. Open all access panels and remove any jammed documents from the transport path. Inspect the note feeders and note qualifier for damage. Reset the error. If the test dispenses are normal and the error does not show again, the cash dispenser may be returned to service. If the error recurs, change the note feeder for the affected channel.
Error Code: 44h [D]Description: Reject cassette almost full. Recommended Action: This error code is generated when the number of reject events exceeds 37 events.
Error code will not put the cash dispenser quot; Out of Service. It is not displayed directly to the operator or customer. The error code will be sent to the Triton Connect host if Triton Connect feature is enabled.
It will also be stored as part of the transaction data in the electronic journal. The reject vault should be emptied as soon as possible in order to avoid an quot; Out of Servicequot; condition that occurs when the number of reject events reaches The reject event counter can be reset by removing the reject vault from the dispenser and then putting it back into the dispenser. Error Code: 45h [E]Description: Cassette data corrupted. Recommended Action:This error code is generated when there is a checksum error in data stored in the note cassette.
Program the cassette by injecting a new cassette ID into the cassette. If injecting a new cassette ID into the cassette does not correct the problem, replace the cassette. Error Code: 46h [F]Description: Main motor failureRecommended Action:Error code is generated when the main motor fails to reach normal speed with in a specified time, or if there are several pulses missing from the transport clock wheel timing wheel in one transaction.
This error code causes an quot; Out of Servicequot; condition. Verify the documents are fit for dispensing. Inspect the note qualifier for any damage i. Make sure all access panels are closed.
Restart the cash dispenser and reset the error. If cash dispenser operates normally when performing the test dispense function, put the cash dispenser in service. It the error code repeats, verify the power supply output voltages are within expected values. Replace the power supply if necessary. If the power supply if operating normally, replace the note qualifier to correct the problem. Error Code: 49h [I]Description: Note qualifier faultyRecommended Action:Error code is generated when the double detect sensors in the note qualifier can not be calibrated, or when the gain value cannot be adjusted when learning a new documents.
Verify that the cable that connects the double detect module to the CMC module is undamaged and connected at both ends. Make sure the access panel on the bottom of the note qualifier is closed and locked in position. Carefully remove the double detect module from the note qualifier. Use clean compressed air to remove any dust or dirt from the sensor lenses. Carefully install the double detect module into the note qualifier. Make sure all connections between the double detect module and the CMC are seated properly.
If at any time during the following checks, the quot; quot; faulty note qualifierquot; quot; error code recurs. It will be necessary to replace the note qualifier. Reset the error the error code. If it clears, initiate the learn note thickness operation. Perform a test dispense. If cash dispenser operates normally, it will pick from seven to fifteen notes from each cassette to calibrate the double detect to the document in each of the cassettes.
Then it will complete the test dispense function. A normal return code for this test dispense operation is quot; 4 1 1 1 1quot; for a four cassette dispenser. If the operation is normal, you may put the cash dispenser in service.
If these check are not properly completed replace the note qualifier. Recommended Action: This error code is generated when there is a sensor error in one or more of the note feeders or when there is a document jammed in the note feeder exit sensor. Make sure there are not any documents jammed at any of note feeder exit sensors.
Check the calibration value for the pressure, empty, and exit sensors. If any sensor is out of its calibration limits, clean all of the sensors and attempt to do a transaction.
If error code reoccurs, replace the note feeder module. Recommended Action:An attempt to feed or dispense documents has been made when there is a note in the note transport throat. Remove any documents blocking the throat opening. Make sure the diverter is not jammed. Inspect the note transport for damage and verify that all connectors are plugged into their respective receptacles. Use the reject channel error code function to verify the operation of the sensors on the note transport module.
Clean the sensors in the note transport a needed. Reset the error code. Perform the test dispense function several times two or three. Complete a live transaction.
If the error does not show again put the cash dispenser into service. If the error code returns, replace the note transport module. Recommended Action:This error is reported when the transmission of each one of the characters in the command string is not completed within the time restriction imposed by the electrical interface.
Inspect all cables for damage. Verify that the both ends of each cable are securely connected to its termination points. This problem may be caused by incompatibilities between terminal software and dispensing mechanism software.
Check with Triton Systems Technical Support for known software incompatibilities. Error Code: 50h [P]Description: Cassettes may have been changed. Recommended Action:This error code is generated when a movement command is sent before read cassette ID command after the cassettes, including the reject vault are removed. Verify that each cassette is placed in its designated feed channel. Complete the test receipt printer function to determine which if any of the cassettes are not responding.
If a cassette is not responding it may be necessary to inject a new identity into the cassette by completing the inject new cassette ID command. A defective cassette may also cause this problem. Error Code: 51h [Q]Description: Reject vault full. Recommended Action:This error code is produced when the single reject event counter exceeds 50 reject events or the bundle reject event counter exceeds notes. Remove all documents from the reject vault. To clear the error code, the reject vault must be removed and inserted with the power on.
This will reset the reject event counters. Error Code: 57h [W]Description: Error in throat. Recommended Action:This error code is reported by the dispensing mechanism when a document is jammed in the throat sensor during a live dispenses or when a reset is performed. Make sure all cables between the note transport and the other units are undamaged and securely seated at their termination point.
Check the operation of all sensors in the note transport module. Inspect the diverter area to make sure that it is not blocked and that it moves freely.
Make sure that the access panels before and after the diverter are closed and secured in place. Remove any documents from the tote transport.
Perform a live transaction. If the cash dispenser operates normally put it back in service. If the error code persists, replace the note transport module. Error Code: 5Bh [[]Description: Sensor error or sensor covered. Recommended Action:This error is produced when a sensor in note transport module is not working correctly during an internal self-test preceding the movement commands. Make sure that all cables are securely fastened to their termination points. Open the access panels on the note transport and remove any documents that may be in the transport path.
Access the error code command to determine if any sensors in the reject channel are dirty of defective. Clean the dirty sensor, or replace the note transport as needed. If the cash dispenser operates normally put it in service. If the problem persists, replace the note transport module. Error Code: 60h [']Description: Dispenser internal error. Recommended Action:This error code is reported when an internal error occurs in the dispenser. The most likely cause is internal communication problems within the dispenser.
Inspect all cables for possible damage. Ensure that each cable is securely fastened to its termination point. If the response to the RESET command indicates a successful execution, put the cash dispenser back in service.
If the error code is reported again, it may be necessary to replace the CMC or one of the note feeder controllers. Error Code: 61h [a]Description: Cassette lock faulty. Verify that the currency is properly installed in the cassette. If necessary, reload the currency in the cassette.
If the problem remains after reloading the cassette, replace the cassette, the denomination extension, or the note feeder controller associated with the cassette causing the problem. Error Code: 63h [c]Description: Module needs service.
Recommended Action:This error code is generated by the dispensing mechanism when the calibration value for at least one of the sensors in any of the note feeders has exceeded the upper limits of its calibration range. Use the diagnostic functions or NMD test software to determine if a note feeder has a faulty or dirty sensor.
Remove each note feeder module from the dispensing mechanism and clean their associated empty, pressure and exit sensors with clean compressed air.
Install the note feeders and recheck their operation to determine if the error code has been cleared. If the error code has been cleared, the cash dispenser can be put back in service. If the error code is repeated, replace the note feeder or note feeder controller for the affected feed channel. Error Code: 65h [e]Description: No message to resend. Perform several test dispenses.
If the cash dispenser operates normally while performing a test dispense, put it back into service. If the error code recurs, replace the CMC module. Error Code: 68 [h]Description: Error in note transport. Recommended Action:This error code will be generated when the following conditions occur: 1.
When the note is stuck in the note transport sensor. When the note is stuck in between the note transport sensor and the throat. Inspect the note transport sensor for blockage. If the sensor is blocked, remove the blockage. Clean the sensors if needed. If the error code continues, replace the note transport module. Error Code: Description: Dispenser data size error. Recommended Action: Restart the operating system.
Clear terminal error code. Replace the dispenser is the error persists. Error Code: Description: Dispenser device read error. Recommended Action:Restart the operating system. Error Code: Description: Dispenser device record error. Error Code: Description: Dispenser sequence error. Error Code: Description: Dispenser device write error. Error Code: Description: Dispenser device offline. Error Code: Description: Dispenser cassettes disabled. Recommended Action:Access management functions and enable cassettes.
Error Code: Description: Dispenser communication error. Recommended Action: Check the dispenser data and power cable connections. Restart the operating system. Error Code: Description: Dispenser cannot dispense the request. Recommended Action:Requested amount may exceed the dispensers one time limit.
Enter a smaller value. If error persists, replace the dispenser mechanism. Error Code: Description: Dispenser device reset. Recommended Action:Check data and power connections to the dispenser device. Recommended Action: Check data and power connections to the dispenser device. Recommended Action:Check data and power connections to the dispenser.
Error Code: Description: Dispenser machine not opened. Recommended Action:Access the management functions menu and lock all cassettes. Verify that all cassettes used are in service. Error Code: Description: Dispenser rejected cheque.
Recommended Action: Clear terminal error code. Error Code: Description: Dispenser invalid request. Recommended Action:Clear terminal error code. Error Code: Description: Dispenser multiple device error.
Recommended Action:Restart operating system. Error Code: Description: Dispenser device error. Error Code: Description: Dispenser unknown error code. Recommended Action:Enter management functions menu and place the cassette s in service.
Recommended Action: All cassettes have reached low cash level. Reload cassettes. Recommended Action:All cassettes report no notes. Error Code: Description: Dispenser offline, no reject vault and not hoppers. Recommended Action:Verify that the dispenser mechanism has data and power cable connected. Verify power is applied to the dispenser. Error Code: Description: Dispenser offline - no hoppers. Recommended Action:The hoppers are not detected. Check the computer area network connectors in the dispenser.
Restart operating system. Error Code: Description: Dispenser offline - error validating configuration. Recommended Action:Dispenser failed to identify the dispenser type installed. Verify all connectors to the dispenser mechanism.
Recommended Action:Verify that the Reject Vault and one cassette are present in the dispenser mechanism. Error Code: Description: Dispenser offline.
Detected offline error check op state. Verify the error code lights on the dispenser are operating in proper sequence. Matasano also details the step that needed to be taken in order to be able to hack into the ATM for re-programming. Default Master, Service or Operator passwords. Default Combinations For the Safe. Inside the Tranax Mini-Bank user guide manual, you can also learn how to set the denomination of the type of bill the value of the cash notes i.
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